may 2017 study glutathione sublingual : Pigment International Reduced glutathione level in the

Fecal calprotectin as a marker of the gut immune system activation is elevated in Parkinsons disease

Size effect of elemental selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) at supranutritional levels on selenium accumulation and glutathione S-transferase activity

Their common goal is to improve patient treatment outcomes and quality of life, but the core distinction lies in their focus: personalized nursing emphasizes the implementation of comprehensive and customized care plans based on individual patient characteristics (such as genetic background, lifestyle, and social factors), while precision medicine uses high-throughput technologies such as genomics and proteomics to finely subtype patients at the molecular level, categorizing diseases into subgroups and developing targeted treatment plans to achieve early diagnosis and precise intervention (199, 200)

2.2 Metabolite extraction of HCT116 cell lines Intracellular metabolites were extracted as previously described with some modifications (Dettmer et al., 2011)

Kim J, Park M, Jeong W, Lee HW, Lee G, Lee KS, Park SW, Choi J