CPRIT Fellowship, 2013
Zhang, W., Moskowitz, R
The current body of evidence for BPC 157 is overwhelmingly preclinical, meaning it's based on cell cultures and animal studies
Data from observational studies indicates that individuals with BD tend to have lower blood levels of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, essential to neuronal function, and higher ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids, which have been linked with higher levels of inflammatory markers.13,16 Additionally, some studies have found that individuals with BD had lower levels of many essential micronutrients, including iron, zinc, manganese, selenium, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin D.16 Lower levels of the antioxidant vitamins A, E, and C have been associated with higher oxidative stress levels in individuals with BD.16 Research on how calcium intake and blood calcium levels affect BD is limited and has led to mixed findings, with evidence of both low and elevated blood calcium levels in participants with BD.2,13-16 Vida Velasco-Popov, MS, RD, CDN, dietitian at New York-Presbyterian Hospital and first author on a recent study on nutrition and BD, highlights these nutrition challenges: Common dietary patterns observed in this population are high in calories, saturated fat, and sugar, which not only increase the risk for aforementioned comorbidities, but also increase risk for certain micronutrient deficiencies, including vitamin D, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 to name a few. She recommends screening clients with BD for common deficiencies like folate and B12, particularly those who are taking valproic acid
Ferraz-de-Paula V, Ribeiro A, Souza-Queiroz J, Pinheiro ML, Vecina JF, Souza DPM, Quinteiro-Filho WM, Moreau RLM, Queiroz MLS, Palermo-Neto J (2014) 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMAecstasy) decreases neutrophil activity through the glucocorticoid pathway and impairs host resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice
